Quick answer: FeatureZopicloneTemazepamDrug classZ-drug (cyclopyrrolone)BenzodiazepineMechanismGABA-A positive allosteric modulatorGABA-A positive allosteric modulatorUK legal statusSchedule 4 Part 1, Class CSchedule 3, Class CLicensed strengths3.75mg, 7.5mg (tablets)10mg, 20mg (tablets)Half-l.
Head-to-head comparison
| Feature | Zopiclone | Temazepam |
|---|---|---|
| Drug class | Z-drug (cyclopyrrolone) | Benzodiazepine |
| Mechanism | GABA-A positive allosteric modulator | GABA-A positive allosteric modulator |
| UK legal status | Schedule 4 Part 1, Class C | Schedule 3, Class C |
| Licensed strengths | 3.75mg, 7.5mg (tablets) | 10mg, 20mg (tablets) |
| Half-life | ~5 hours | ~8–20 hours |
| Onset of action | 30–60 min | 30–60 min |
| Dependence risk | Significant | Significant |
| Common side effect | Metallic taste | Morning drowsiness |
Prescribing differences in the UK
Temazepam is more tightly regulated than zopiclone. As a Schedule 3 drug, temazepam prescriptions are subject to additional controlled drug requirements, including specific prescription wording requirements in some regions. This has led NHS formularies in many areas to prefer zopiclone as the first-choice hypnotic.
Which is more appropriate?
The choice between zopiclone and temazepam is a clinical decision that depends on patient history, comorbidities, previous response to hypnotics, and local formulary guidance. Neither should be used long-term. CBT-I remains the preferred treatment for chronic insomnia. Discuss with your GP.